Which of the following provides a unique automated system capable of addressing messages to pre-determined groups of ships or all vessels in both fixed and variable geographic areas?

Correct Answer: Option B — EGC

EGC is the only GMDSS system capable of addressing messages to specific geographic areas or pre-defined groups of ships via satellite. Unlike NAVTEX, which is limited by coastal range, EGC provides global coverage, allowing authorities to broadcast safety information to vessels in both fixed and variable maritime regions.