What statement is true regarding the additional equipment carriage requirement imposed for the survival craft of vessels over 500 gross tons?

Correct Answer: Option B — A second radar transponder is required.

Under SOLAS Chapter III and IV, cargo ships of 500 gross tons and upwards must carry at least two Search and Rescue Transponders (SARTs). This requirement ensures that survival craft can be located by rescue vessels or aircraft using standard X-band radar, providing essential redundancy for search and rescue operations.