The physical data term on a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) describing whether a liquid is lighter or heavier than water is __________.

Correct Answer: Option C — specific gravity

Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water. This physical property determines whether a liquid will float on or sink in water, which is vital for spill response, firefighting tactics, and determining the behavior of hazardous materials in the marine environment.