Determine the great circle distance and initial course from LAT 35°17.6'N, LONG 144°23.0'E to LAT 47°36.0'N, LONG 124°22.0'W.

Correct Answer: Option A — 3931 miles, 048°T

Great circle navigation requires solving the spherical triangle formed by the two points and the North Pole. Using the law of cosines for sides and the law of sines for the initial angle, the calculated distance is 3931 miles with an initial course of 048°T.