Determine the great circle distance and initial course from LAT 08°36.0'N, LONG 126°17.0'E to LAT 02°12.0'S, LONG 81°53.0'W.

Correct Answer: Option C — 9076 miles, 079°T

Great circle calculations utilize the haversine formula or spherical trigonometry as detailed in Bowditch, Volume II. By inputting the coordinates into the cosine-haversine formula, the angular distance is determined and converted to nautical miles. The initial course is derived from the Napier’s Rules for the spherical triangle formed by the poles and positions.