According to Coast Guard Regulations (CFR 33), all ships are required to prepare, submit, and maintain a(an) __________.

Correct Answer: Option A — shipboard oil pollution emergency plan

Title 33 CFR mandates that all designated commercial vessels maintain an approved Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP). This operational manual provides explicit procedures and organizational structures for the master and engineering crew to mitigate and respond effectively to accidental oil spills.